Nature Sustainability (2026): Agricultural intensification boosts crop production but can harm soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, while organic farming offers environmental benefits but may reduce yields and nutrient availability. An analysis of 179 global croplands found that high yields can coexist with soil biodiversity and multifunctionality, and that landscapes with 50% organic farming optimize yield, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning. Prioritizing organic practices in moderately to highly degraded soils maximizes environmental benefits while minimizing yield loss.